[答]add...to...把……加到……。
例如:Please add an article to the sentence, then it is correct now .请在这个句子中加上一个定冠词,然后它就对了。
6. THis ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.这根丝带一定不能变湿,它是用来保护你不被触电的。
[问]which must not get wet 作何成分, protect...from...是什么意思?
[答](1)...which must not get wet ,非限制性定语从句做定语,修饰This ribbon.
(2)protect ... from... “保护……免受……”,相当于prevent ... from ...;stop ...from...;keep ...from。
例如:We should prevent our environment from being polluted. 我们应该保护我们的环境免受污染。
7. Around the world, animals are used to test produce such as shampoo, skin creams and new cancer drugs. 在全世界,动物们被用来测试如洗发水,皮肤霜以及新的治癌药等产品。
[问]be used to do ..., be used to doing ... 和used to do 有何区别?
[答]be used to do ... 被用来做什么......
be used to doing ... 习惯于做……
used to do ...过去常常做……
8. They also believe that it is possible to use much fewer animals.
他们还相信用更少的动物测试是可能的。
[问]it is possible to do ...做……是可能的;
It is + adj. +to do ... it 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式短语to do...
例如:It is difficult to learn two foreigh languages. 学会两门外语是困难的。
It is impossible to walk on the moon. 在月球上行走是不可能的。
二、本单元高考热点归纳与拓展
本单元重点语法是定语从句;分词(现在分词和过去分词)的用法以及it做形式主语的用法。
[经典解析]
例:1. Do you know the boy_____under the big tree? (1989年全国高考题)
A. lay B.lain C.laying D.lying
解析:答案为D。现在分词短语 lying under the big tree“正躺在大树下”做定语,修饰 boy。用“躺”的现在分词表示“主动”和“进行”的概念。注意记准:放、下蛋:lay—laid—laid—laying;躺:lie—lay—lain—lying;说谎:lie—lied—lied—lying。
例:2、 Is_____necessary to complete the design before National Day? (1989年全国高考题)
A. this B. that C. it D. he
简析:答案为C。这里要填的是形式主语。只有it才能做形式主语或形式宾语。真正的主语是不定式“to com-
plete the design...”。
例:3.Most of the artists_____to the party were from South Africa. (1990年全国高考题)
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D.had been invited
www.jiaoshi66.comwww.jiaoshi66.com简析:答案为A。主语与谓语之间“were”的部分是主语的定语。如果是从句做主语,应为“who had been invited”,还缺充当从句主语的关系词 who,故不选D。“邀请”和“艺术家”的关系应为被动的,排除B。“邀请”应先于谓语动词,所以用过去分词,选A。而C是现在分词的被动式,表示“正在”,而谓语动词“同时”或与说话时“同时”,明显是错误的。
例:4、The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_____ that he had enjoyed his stay here. (1994年全国高考题)
A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
简析:答案为C。与谓语动词“”是两个同时发生的动作,可以用现在分词表示伴随的动作;因为A用了完成式,“补充说到”发生在“表达”之前,不合逻辑,排除A。D表示两个并列的谓语动词,但缺少并列连词,因此不能选D。而B不定式表示目的:“为了补充说……于是就表达了……”不符合逻辑。
例:5. The number of people invited _____ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons.
(1996年全国高考题)
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
简析:答案为C。The number of 与单数动词配用,排除A、D。a number of 与复数动词连用,排除A、B。
例:6. Cleaning women in big cities usually get ______ by an hour.. (1998年全国高考题)
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
简析:答案为C。“按小时付报酬”与主语是被动关系,应选过去分词paid。被动语态除了可由“be+过去分词”构成外,还可以由“get+过去分词”构成。
例:7. Peper money was in ______ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _____ thir-
teenth century. (1999年全国高考题)
A. the; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填
简析:答案为C。本题主要考察冠词的用法。in use 是习惯用法,use 前不加冠词;在序数词(thirteen)前面要加定冠词。因此要选C。
例:8. The result of the experiment was very good, _____ we hadn't expected. (2000年全国高考题)
A. when B. that C. which D. what
简析:答案为C。此处为非限定性定语从句,排除D( what 不能引导定语从句)和B( that 不能引导非限制性定语从句)。因为关系词在从句中要做动词( expected )的宾语,因此要用关系代词 which,排除关系副词when。
例:10. John said he'd been working in the office for an hour, _____ was true. (2001年春季高考题)
A. he B. this C. which D. Who
简析:答案为C。这里是考查非限制性定语从句。需要用关系词,排除A和B。先行词代表前面整个句子所说的内容,因此关系词要用 which,而不能用表人的 who。
三、本单元生词详解
1. experiment [iks5perimEnt]n. 实验,试验//vi.进行实验(on,with)
例:They made
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