高二英语第二十一单元Music （音乐）

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Letter T could not open his mouth , so he said nothing .

At last they heard the dictionary say , “Don\'t quarrel with each other . I think each letter has his function . We are all part of one big family . So let\'s do our work together , shall we?”

1 . Why were there quarrels among the letters? Because _____

A . letter A is the first one in the vocabulary , he is more useful .

B . letter C doesn\'t appear in the word “again” .

C . letter T appears twice in the word “letter” .

D . each letter said that he was more useful .

2 . Letter T said that he _____ when he met letter A and C .

A . was more useful than all of them

B . letter C doesn\'t appear in the word “again”

C . letter T appears twice in the word “letter”

D . each letter said that he was more useful .

2 . Letter T said that he _____ when he met letter A and C .

A . was more useful than all of them

B . was as useful as both of them

C . was more useful than either of them

D . was so useful that many words needed him

3 . The dictionary asked _____

A . one letter to quarrel with another .

B . those letters to stop to quarrel .

C . those letters to form a big family .

D . every letter to work together with the others because each of them has his own function .

4 . How about the dictionary\'s words?

A . Fine . B . Bad . C . Just so - so . D . Not so good .

赏析：这个小故事说明：只强调个人的作用不可取，只有大家齐心协力，才能发挥更大的作用，取得更大的成就。1 . D . 字母间发生争吵，是因为每个字母都自认为自己比别人更有用。2 . C . 本题考查 all of , both of 和 either of 的用法，及 more that , as + 形容词 ( 副词 ) + as 的区别等。D是错的，因为 T 并没有那样讲。3 . D . 说明个体只有和群众在一起，才能发挥自己的作用。4 . A . 词典之所以是词典，就因为它是集体智慧和合作的结晶，所以它的话是金玉良言。

【思维体操】

在一般情况下，汉英词序基本是一致的，但是，由于两种语言的表达习惯不同和东西方文化的差异，在汉英翻译中往往会出现词序错位的现象。请你对英语思考后，译成恰当的汉语。

1. food and clothing 2. track and field 3. northwest 4. young and old 5. sooner or later 6. land and water 7. you and I 8. back and forth 9. heavy and light 10. old and new 11. right and left 12. heat and cold 13. fire and water 14. rain or shine 15. rich and poor 16. eat and drink 17. long and thin 18. sweat and blood 19. back and belly 20. bed and board 21. flesh and blood 22. joy and sorrow 23. iron and steel 24. water and mountain 25. short and long 26. arms and hands 27. life and death 28. baby boy 29. ourselves and the enemy 30. hard and soft 31. chemistry and physics 32. loss and gain 33. month and year 34. East China 35. here and now 36. bride and bridegroom 37. art and science 38. north , south , east and west 39. twos and threes 40. small and medium sizes

答案：1、衣食 2、田径 3、西北 4、老少 5、迟早 6、水陆 7、我你 8、前后 9、轻重 10、新旧 11、左右 12、冷热 13、水火 14、晴雨 15、贫富 16、饮食 17、细长 18、血汗 19、腹背 20、膳宿 21、血肉 22、悲欢 23、钢铁 24、山水 25、长短 26. 手臂 27、死活 28、男婴 29、敌我 30、软硬 31、理化 32、增损 33、年月 34、华东 35、此时此地 36、新郎新娘 37、科学艺术 38、东南西北 39、三三两两 40、中小型

三、智能显示

【心中有数】

单元语法发散思维

非谓语作定语的区别

动名词、分词和不定式都能作定语，它们在用法上区别如下：

※ 动名词作定语只表示被修饰词的用途，不定式作定语通常表示未来的动作或含情态意味，现在分词作定语表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态，过去分词表示已经完成的动作或无时间性的行为。

This is a sleeping car . (动名词作定语表示用途，它可转换为：This is a car for sleeping . )

A sleeping child is in the room . (现在分词的主动形式作定语表示一个正在进行的动作，它可转换成：A child who is sleeping is in the room . )

The bike being repaired now is mine . (现在分词的被动形式，表示正在进行的动作，它可转换成：The bike which is being repaired now is mine . )

I\'m not sure which is the road leading to the hospital . (现在分词短语不表示正在进行的动作而表示存在的状态，它可转换成：I\'m not sure which is the road that leads to the hospital . )

The fallen leaves . (过去分词表示一个完成的动作，The leaves that have fallen . )

I have two letters to write . (不定式表示将来的动作)

※ 不定式作定语，一般只能放在被修饰词之后，分词作定语即可放在被修饰词之前，也可以放在被修饰词之后；通常单个的词放前，短语放在后，现在分词的被动形式放后。例如：

I have a friend living in London . (短语)

China belongs to the developing country . (单个的词)

The building being built now is a hospital . (现在分词的被动式)

The man dressed in a new suit is our manager . (短语)

Only by practice will you be able to improve your spoken English . (单个的词)

Mary needs a dictionary to refer to . (不定式)

※ 分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。若被修饰的名词与分词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，即被修饰的名词是动作的执行者，则用现在分词，若是被动关系，即被修饰的名词是动作的承受者，可用现在分词的被动式或过去分词。它们俩主要从时间上区别，现在分词被动式表示正在进行的动作；过去分词表示完成的动作或无时间性，只表被动关系。例如：

There is a river running around our school . (主动关系)

The watch being repaired now is hers . (被动关系，正在进行的动作)

He is an English teacher liked by all his students . (表被动关系)

Japan is a developed country . (表完成，表被动)

※ 心理反应状态动词，如：excite , fright , move , tire , interest , puzzle , disappoint 等，同现在分词作定语，表示“令人……”，被修饰的词通常是物，用过去分词作定语，被修饰的词通常是人。例如：

What disappointing news it is!

Don\'t make fun of the frightened child .

注意：puzzling expression “令人迷惑的表情”；puzzled expression (本身)迷惑的表情。

※ 下列情况下常用不定式作定语。

1 . 在被修饰的词前有形容词最高级、序数词以及 the last , the only , the next 等后作定语的时候，只能用不定式作定语。例如：

He is always the first to come .

The next man to come was Tom .

This is the largest ship to be serving as a seaside hotel in our country .

2 . have +宾语的句型中，常用不定式作定语。例如：

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