高二英语第十单元At the Tailor\s Shop (在裁店缝)

标签：高二英语选修7教案,高二英语下册教案,http://www.jiaoshi66.com 高二英语第十单元At the Tailor\s Shop (在裁店缝),
It got dark , and what was worse , we lost our way in the forest .
8. give sb the right / wrong change 给某人对/错钱
9. keep back 扣下，止住，隐瞒，留在后面
The boss kept back $30 from her pay without any reason . 老板无缘无故地从她的工资中扣掉30美元。
On hearing the news , the woman couldn\'t keep back her tears .
There\'s no need to keep it back from you .
10. enjoy equal rights 享有平等的权利
In China women enjoy equal rights with men .
11. fight sb to the end 同某人血战到底
No matter how powerful the enemy seems , we must fight them to the end .
12. know little about 对……知之甚少
13. in the world = on earth = completely 完全地，究竟，到底
14. get caught in 遇到，挂住
Her dress got caught on a nail .
They got caught in the rain the day before yesterday .
15. come off 脱离，掉下来
The branches have come off the trees .
16. in the same order 以相同的顺序
17. as usual 和往常一样，照例
As usual , he got up very early .
Only a week after the fire in the store , it was doing business as usual .
　
■ 单元语法学习目标
●对 as if 用法的探微
本单元的语法学习是掌握 as if 的用法。as if 是连词词组，相当于 as though , 意为\"好像，好似\"，引导表语从句和状语从句。学习中应注意如下四点：
1 . as if 引导表语从句。
as if 引导表语从句时，可以和 as though 互换，其句型为：\"It looks / seem as if …\"，其中 it 本身无词义，是无人称代词，looks / seems 是连系动词，as if 引导表语从句。例如：
It looks / seems as if you have got no experience . 看来你似乎并没有经验。
2 . as if 引导方式状语从句。
as if 引导的方式状语从句中，从句中的动词一般要用虚拟语气。若表示与现在事实相反的主观设想，动词用过去式 (be 用 were ，适用于各种人称)；若表示与过去事实相反的主观设想，动词用\"had + 过去分词\"形式。例如：
He acted as if he were smoking . 他那举动好像他抽烟似的。
They talked as if they had been friends for years . 他们说话很亲热，就像多年的老朋友似的。
3 . 如果主句的谓语动词是过去式，从句中的动词往往可以用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。例如：
I heard a noise as if she was crying . 我听到一种声音，好象她在哭泣似的。
He walked past me as if I didn\'t exist . 他从我身旁经过时，好象我不存在似的。
4 . as if 引起从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气的情况有：
如果句子的谓语动词是连系动词 look , feel , seem , taste , smell 等时，从句往往用陈述语气。
It looks as if we shall have to walk home . 看来我们得步得回家了。
He looks as if he is going to smile . 他看起来象要微笑似的。
如果所描述的行为本身就是一种事实时，通常用陈述语气。
The astronauts feel as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor . 宇航员们感到他们好象是被压在船舱上了。
说话者认为属于事实的成分比较大，假设的成分较小时，一般用陈述语气。试比较：
He walks as if he were drunk . (没有醉酒)
He is walking this way and that as if he is drunk . (醉酒的可能性很大)
● No matter + 疑问词及其它
本单元的另一个语法学习项目是 no matter + 疑问词。一般说来，No matter + 疑问词(what , when , etc . )表示\"不管(无论)什么，何时\"等等。这种结构在句中主要作用是来引导让步状语从句。
No matter what happened , he wouldn\'t say a word . 无论发生什么事，他都守口如瓶。
No matter what difficulties she met , she was going to be a singer . 不管会遇到什么困难，她决意要当歌唱家。
No matter how busy he was , he always came to see me . 无论他多么忙还总是来看我。
在引导让步状语从句时，与上述结构有相同意思和用法的结构是：疑问句 + ever。
Whatever happened , he would not say a word .
不过，在使用疑问句 + ever 时，有以下几点用法需要注意。
★ 引导主语从句或宾语从句时，只能用\"疑问词 + ever \"，而不能用\"no matter + 疑问词\"。
Whoever smokes here will be punished . 无论谁在这抽烟都要受到惩罚。
Beggars will eat whatever they are given . 饥不择食。
★\"疑问词 + ever\"可以用作修饰名词的关系形容词。
Take whatever books you like best . 拿你最喜欢的书吧。
★\"疑问词 + ever \"搭配连用时，可用来加强语气，用在特殊问句中，表示\"到底、究竟(= at all)的意思。
What ever do you want ? 你到底要些什么 ?
How ever did I forget it ? 我怎么竟然把它忘了 ?
★\"no matter\"可以单独用在句中或用作表语，意思是 it doesn\'t matter (不要紧)，never mind (没关系)。
It makes no matter whether he likes it or not . 他喜欢不喜欢都没有关系。
It is no matter whether you get there early or late . = It doesn\'t matter whether you get there early or late . 你早晚到那儿都没关系。
No matte , madam . 不要紧，夫人。
★ No matter 与 who , what , where , when…. 连用时，从句的时态用一般现在时表示将来。
No matter where you go , she\'ll love you . 无论你走到哪里，她都会爱你的。
★\"no matter + 疑问词\"放在句末时，往往不需要动词跟在后面。
I\'ll always believe you , no matter what . (不用 happen)不论发生什么，我都会相信你的。
〖针对练习〗
用\"no matter + 疑问词\"或\"疑问词 + ever\"填空
1 . ______ you go , you\'ll find your friends .
2 . I\'ll eat _______ you gave me .
3 . _______ he says , I\'ll do it .
4 . _______ he is in trouble , I\'ll be ready to help him .
5 . _______ she says should be considered .
6 . The teacher will give a medal to _______ studies hardest .
7 . You may take ______ gifts you want .
8 . _______ made you so angry ?
9 . _______ promise to buy you a car ?
10 . ______ have you made so great progress ?
11. baggage it is , it will be kept until the owner returns .
答案：1 . Wherever / No matter where 2 . whatever 3 . Whatever / No matter what 4 . Whenever / No matter when 5 . Whatever 6 . whoever 7 . whatever 8 . What ever / Who ever 9 . Who ever 10 . How ever 11. No matter whose
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
● 哪些词能引导让步状语从句
◇ 用连词 though 和 although，译成汉语为\"虽然……但是……\"。后者的语气稍正式些。要注意的是：英语中用了 though (although)，在主句中不要再加 but 。但他们可以与副词 still 和 yet 等连用，加强语气。
Although it was quite late , we were still working in the fields . 虽然时间很晚了，但我们还在田里工作着。
◇ 用 if 或 even if , 译成汉语为\"即使……\"。
If we failed in this English examination , at least we did our best . 即使我们在这次英语考试中失败我们至少尽了最大努力。
I\'ll go even if it rain . 即使天下雨，我也要去。
◇ 用 whether ，译成汉语为\"不论\"。
Whether it may rain or not , I\'ll do morning exercises . 不论天下雨不下雨，我都做早操。
◇ 用 even when ，译成汉语为\"纵然……\"等含义。

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